Realism+vs+Surrealism

REALISM vs. SURREALISM REALISM

- Realism was created as a response to the prevailing Romanticism of the first half of the 19th century, when the Bourgeois revolts of 1848 changed literary tastes. The Bourgeoisie prevailed in these riots and was to become the social class known for excellence in the 20th century. The revolution brought economic reform and change that resulted in a shift in fortunes. In contrast, the first workers´ movements appeared. Socialism and the idea of the class struggle interrupted the social scene. - In this era of historic changes writers began to analyze the reality of the world around them. History and mythology lost their importance in the realm of literature. - Realism split into two branches. The first being conservative and purely aesthetic, while the other was progressive and condemned society. It was characterized by its omniscient narrator who, in a restrained style, always portrayed the protagonist and ideas of the era from a critical viewpoint.

SURREALISM

- Surrealism is a style of literature and art that developed in the 20th century Surrealism and flourished in Europe between World War I and World War II. Surrealism grew out of the earlier Dada movement, which produced works of anti-art that deliberately defied reason. - Unlike the Dada movement, Surrealism's emphasis was not on negation (act of denying) but on positive expression. - French poet and critic André Breton is credited as the founder of Surrealism, and he believed that Surrealism was a means of reuniting conscious and unconscious realms of experience so completely that the world of dream and fantasy would be joined to the everyday rational world in "an absolute reality, a surreality." - Surrealism explored the direct expression of the unconscious unobscured by rational thought. - Surrealist artists and writers regard their work as an expression of the philosophical movement first and foremost with the works being a symbolic artifact, an abstract writing, and an expression in art. Its aim was nothing less than the liberation in the arts and in life, of the resources of the subconscious mind. - Artists part of the Surrealist movement studied the theories of Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung. - Although Lorca was never a member of the Paris Surrealist group, some of his writing is highly surrealist in nature, perhaps influenced by his close friendships with Luis Bunuel and Salvador Dali.



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